Sunday School Lesson
May 29
Lesson 13 (KJV)
THE FRUIT OF FREEDOM
DEVOTIONAL READING: Galatians 5:16–26
BACKGROUND SCRIPTURE: Galatians 5:16–26
GALATIANS 5:16–26
16. This I say then, Walk in the Spirit, and ye shall not fulfil the lust of the flesh.
17. For the flesh lusteth against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh: and these are contrary the one to the other: so that ye cannot do the things that ye would.
18. But if ye be led of the Spirit, ye are not under the law.
19. Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these; Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness,
20. Idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, variance, emulations, wrath, strife, seditions, heresies,
21. Envyings, murders, drunkenness, revellings, and such like: of the which I tell you before, as I have also told you in time past, that they which do such things shall not inherit the kingdom of God.
22. But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering, gentleness, goodness, faith,
23. Meekness, temperance: against such there is no law.
24. And they that are Christ’s have crucified the flesh with the affections and lusts.
25. If we live in the Spirit, let us also walk in the Spirit.
26. Let us not be desirous of vain glory, provoking one another, envying one another.
KEY TEXT
If we live in the Spirit, let us also walk in the Spirit.—Galatians 5:25
LESSON AIMS
After participating in this lesson, each learner will be able to:
1. List characteristics of life in the flesh and life in the Spirit.
2. Explain how elements of “fruit of the Spirit” and “works of the flesh” can be rank-ordered as to importance or why such an attempt should not be made.
3. Identify a sinful tendency most besetting and commit to developing one specific fruit of the Spirit to counteract it.
HOW TO SAY IT
Bacchanalia
Bah-keh-nail-yuh.
Greco
Greck-oh.
Introduction
A. Familiar Narrative
Any great story—word or film—will include components of plot development and narrative flow. These components include the beginning, rising action or conflict, a climax, falling action or conflict, and the conclusion.
Yet narrative flow is not enough to hold a story. Gripping stories have engaging, almost lifelike, characters. When conflict exists between such characters, the story’s narrative builds toward its breathtaking climax.
A story’s narrative conflict and climax usually reflect an inner turmoil we can identify with. Paul understood that his readers experienced spiritual turmoil. In what serves as the dramatic climax (but not the end) of Paul’s letter to the Galatians, the conflict between Spirit and flesh comes to a head.
B. Lesson Context
Central to Paul’s argument in this lesson is the nature of “the flesh.” However, the nature and implications of the flesh are not static in the New Testament. Even the dozens of uses of the word in Paul’s writings indicate slight differences and nuances. To claim a singular understanding of “Paul’s view of the flesh” would be mistaken.
Paul uses the word to speak of physical matter of living creatures generally (1 Corinthians 15:39) and the human body specifically (6:16). In other instances, flesh is regarded negatively. Paul referred to it in the context of circumcision (Galatians 6:12; Philippians 3:3), rebellious human nature and desires (Romans 8:3–12; Ephesians 2:3), and temporal lineage in contrast to an eternal one (Romans 4:1; Galatians 4:23, 29).
As used in today’s Scripture text, flesh refers to the carnal, unredeemed self and its rebellious nature and desires (see Romans 13:13–14). In order for believers to live fully as children of God, the ways of the flesh must die (see Galatians 2:19–21).
The entire epistle to the Galatians has been building to this lesson’s Scripture text. With a proper understanding of God’s law and promises (Galatians 3:1–22) and true freedom in God’s Spirit (4:21–5:14), Paul puts all the pieces together.
I. Stating the Sides
(GALATIANS 5:16–18)
A. Spirit and Flesh (vv. 16–17)
16. This I say then, Walk in the Spirit, and ye shall not fulfil the lust of the flesh.
Paul envisioned one option for the Galatian believers: to walk in the Spirit of God. By using a metaphor, Paul described the kind of life required of disciples as a walk (see Romans 13:13; 2 Corinthians 5:7; Colossians 2:6–7). The metaphor referred to the ways first-century students might follow in the steps of their rabbis (teachers of the Jewish law). As students did so, they would listen to the teaching and allow it to change their hearts and minds. If the Galatians followed Paul’s exhortation, their whole way of life would change.
As the Galatians walked in God’s Spirit, they would avoid defilement that comes from a heart out of tune with the Spirit. This would consist of the lust of the flesh (see Mark 7:18–23; 1 John 2:16). Paul did not suggest that the Galatian believers should invite the Spirit of God into their already established way of life. Rather, he wanted them to allowthe Spirit to determine their motivations and behaviors (see Galatians 5:25, below).
What Do You Think?
How can Christians measure whether they’re living in the direction of God’s Spirit?
Digging Deeper
How will you follow another’s example of a Spirit-filled walk in the coming weeks?
17a. For the flesh lusteth against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh.
The way of the flesh desires that the working of the Spirit in a believer’s life would be thwarted. That Paul described this as lusteth against alludes to the sinful acts of coveting (see Romans 7:7; 13:9) and lust (Matthew 5:28). Acts of the flesh involve more than these two sins, but all acts of the flesh imply the flesh’s sinful desires.
The conflict between the flesh and Spirit was evident to Paul. The desires of the flesh lead to death, but the desires of the Spirit lead to life (Romans 8:5–8). In other letters, Paul described this conflict as being between the old, sinful self and the new, righteous self (Ephesians 4:20–24; Colossians 3:9–10). Without the presence of God’s Spirit working against the flesh, a person will act in sinful and selfish ways (see Galatians 5:19–21, below).
17b. And these are contrary the one to the other: so that ye cannot do the things that ye would.
A person cannot at the same time embrace fully the ways the flesh and the ways of the Spirit. Their ways are contrary … to the other. As a result, a believer—while filled with God’s Spirit—may experience a spiritual frustration (see Romans 7:17–25). God’s Spirit has already provided a way out: freedom from the ways of the flesh (8:10–11, 16).
In this sense, the battle has been won and believers are to follow the Spirit (see Galatians 5:25, below). Therefore Paul’s conclusion is clear: believers are not to do the things that the flesh desires. Instead, believers follow the Spirit’s way of life.
What Do You Think?
How can Galatians 6:1–5 assist a believer’s battle against the desires of the flesh?
Digging Deeper
What steps will you take to “bear … one another’s burdens” with a “spirit of meekness” (Galatians 6:1–2)?
B. Spirit and Law (v. 18)
18. But if ye be led of the Spirit, ye are not under the law.
Paul introduced a new point of conflict between the Spirit and the law. Given the context of the epistle (see Lesson Context, lesson 11), Paul was likely speaking of the demands of the Law of Moses.
Paul previously connected the demands of the law and the ways of the flesh (Galatians 3:2–5). He had reminded the Galatians of their freedom from the law. As a result, they were no longer “under the curse” (3:10) nor “kept under the law” (3:23). As they followed the Spirit’s leading, they would not experience the bondage of the flesh and the law (5:1).
Paul’s exhortation was the fulfillment of the words of the prophet Jeremiah. God’s people would be marked by their following of God’s law on their hearts (Jeremiah 31:33). This promise took hold through a life committed to be in tune “with the Spirit of the living God” (2 Corinthians 3:3).
II. Chasing the Flesh
(GALATIANS 5:19–21)
A. Acts (vv. 19–21a)
19. Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these; Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness.
To provide examples of how the flesh might be made manifest in people, Paul gave further examples of these kinds of works. What follows are lists of vices (Galatians 5:19–21a) and virtues (5:22–23). Such lists were never intended to be an exhaustive catalog for the readers but were representative (compare Roman 1:29–31; Colossians 3:5–9).
Indulgent and self-gratifying sexual acts with another person outside of a marriage relationship make up adultery and fornication (see 1 Corinthians 5:1). In addition to hurting others, these acts harm the guilty person (6:18). Uncleanness results from improper sexual acts. This term was also used in conjunction with purity codes of the Law of Moses (Leviticus 5:3; 7:21; etc.). God desires that His people acknowledge the holiness of their bodies and act accordingly (see 1 Corinthians 6:19–20).
Extravagant sexual vice, uncontrolled and shameless, is lasciviousness. The term implies lack of self-control, even to the point of shocking others without regard for decency (see Ephesians 4:19).
OBSESSION AND DISCIPLINE
With a few quick clicks of the mouse, the internet has made pornography accessible (and frequently, unsolicited) for people. Even church-going people also admit to viewing pornography. All society seems saturated with sexuality.
Paul’s cultural context was also obsessed with sexuality. Sites of pagan worship, such as temples to the goddess Aphrodite, utilized practices of sexual exploitation. Religious festivals frequently encouraged public and graphic expressions of sex.
Paul called Christians to a life of self-discipline, contrary to the ways of their culture. Indiscipline and excessiveness were not suitable for a life in God’s Spirit. Invite the Spirit to develop in you an attitude of self-discipline, even more than what you might expect (see Matthew 5:28)!
—M. S. K.
20a. Idolatry, witchcraft.
Paul’s second grouping concerned idolatrous acts of worship. Idolatry involves replacing worship of the one true God. In essence, this act exchanged God for a lie (see Exodus 20:3–6; Leviticus 19:4; Isaiah 44:9–20; Jeremiah 10:14; Romans 1:25).
Modern audiences need not think of idolatry strictly in terms of acts of worship to physical images. Rather, idolatry should be considered in terms of what diverts peoples’ attention, effort, and resources away from the desires of God (see Isaiah 2:8; Jeremiah 1:16; Micah 5:12–13; Acts 17:29).
Witchcraft is the attempt to use physical objects and rituals to manipulate the spiritual world. Examples would include ancient pagan practices of magic, incantations, and drug use.
20b. Hatred, variance, emulations, wrath, strife, seditions, heresies.
Paul’s final grouping concerns a person’s treatment of others. Hatred refers to a spirit of hostility toward another person, God, or both. Variance is a general description for the feelings of hostility among people—quarreling and disharmony (see 1 Corinthians 1:11; 3:3). Emulations speak to the jealous passions that may arise from seeing the success of another person. Wrath is a strong burst of anger stemming from an impetuous mindset. Strife results when hostile groups advance their own interests. These kinds of acts are the opposite of the self-giving love initiated by God’s Spirit. Seditions continue interpersonal strife to the point of causing division (see Romans 16:17–18). Heresies point to false beliefs that lead to destructive differences within the community.
21a. Envyings, murders, drunkenness, revellings, and such like.
Envyings continue the trend of selfishness that is at odds with the good of others. These acts result in disagreement and conflict. Murders are the ultimate deprivation of the good of others—life itself!
Paul ends the list of vices by describing two public displays of overindulgence and self-destruction. Drunkenness—intoxication from alcohol—harms the body and clouds a person’s mind. A drunk person might lose control of his or her better judgment and participate in revellings. These are public displays of indulgence, gluttony, and immorality (see Romans 13:13; 1 Peter 4:3). The underlying Greek text reflects the name of the mythical Greek god Comus, the god of festivities. The Roman festival Bacchanalia was observed in honor of the gods and celebrated through rampant drunkenness and sexual immorality.
That the vice list concludes with such like confirms that Paul had not compiled a comprehensive list. Rather, he wanted to highlight specific works of the flesh applicable to the Galatians.
B. Warning (v. 21b)
21b. Of the which I tell you before, as I have also told you in time past, that they which do such things shall not inherit the kingdom of God.
The first two phrases of this partial verse indicate that this was not the first time Paul had taught the Galatians concerning these topics. Perhaps he had instructed their behavior during his initial encounter with them on a missionary journey (Galatians 1:9; see Acts 13:4–14:28; 16:1–3).
To those people who do such things, the listed vices of the flesh, a strong warning is evident. People gain their eternal inheritance of lifethrough faith, not ethical behavior (Galatians 3:11–12, 18). But right behavior serves as an indication of the presence of God’s Spirit. People who fail to act in accordance with the Spirit shall not inherit the kingdom of God.
Occasional failure to live in this regard was not Paul’s concern. He was concerned with individuals who mock God’s Spirit as they continually live in the flesh (Galatians 6:7–9). Persistent disregard for the Spirit indicates that transforming faith is not present. A life led by the Spirit will not continue the status quo of living apart from God’s path.
What Do You Think?
In what ways is the kingdom of God already established, but not yet fully realized?
Digging Deeper
How do Mark 1:14–15; 4:26–32; 10:13–15; Luke 11:2–4; 1 Corinthians 15:24–28, 50–54; and Revelation 11:15–19 inform your answer?
III. Showing the Spirit
(GALATIANS 5:22–26)
A. Fruit (vv. 22–23)
22a. But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace.
Having given his list of vices, Paul now provides an in-depth listing of virtues appropriate to the life of a Spirit-filled believer. Greco-Roman philosophers created virtue lists based on the cardinal values of their culture. However, Paul’s virtue list had a different basis: love for others indicative of the presence of God’s Spirit (Galatians 5:13–16).
Paul described the Spirit-filled life in agricultural terms, calling the attributes of such a life fruit (compare his other “fruit” thoughts in Ephesians 5:9; Philippians 1:11, 22; see John 15:1–17). The metaphor alludes to the Spirit’s role in producing this harvest—a shift fromhuman striving to the Spirit’s supplying. Only through submission to God’s Spirit will these fruits be evident in a believer’s life (see Matthew 7:16–20).
This list of spiritual fruit begins with the greatest of all Christian virtues: love (1 Corinthians 13:13). This love is different from the feelings of affection between friends, family members, or romantic partners. This kind of love demonstrates itself by sacrificial self-giving (see John 15:13; Romans 5:8). The entire law was fulfilled by this love (Galatians 5:13–14; compare Leviticus 19:18; Matthew 5:43–45a). The destructive ways of the flesh are neutralized by radical, self-giving love.
A Spirit-filled sense of joy does not depend on circumstances. Rather, this joy remains steadfast and prevalent during difficult situations (see 2 Corinthians 8:2; 1 Thessalonians 1:6; Hebrews 10:34; James 1:2–3).
Spirit-filled peace does not imply the absence of distress. Rather, peace finds its basis in the conviction of God’s all-sufficiency. Believers demonstrate peace as they work toward taking part in God’s restoration of the world. This begins with the restoration of the relationships within the church (compare 1 Corinthians 14:33; 2 Corinthians 13:11).
22b. Longsuffering, gentleness, goodness, faith.
The next grouping of spiritual fruit describes a person’s attitude toward others. Longsuffering expresses patient treatment of others, even in response to wrongful treatment.
Gentleness speaks of a person’s loving disposition toward others. People can show this temperament because God’s actions toward humanity provide the ultimate example (see Romans 2:4).
Goodness is an attribute that marks the collective people of God (see Romans 15:14). The concept might imply a willingness to do good for others by acts of radical generosity (see Matthew 20:1–16).
Such fruit addressed the difficult work of building right relationships among believers and establishing appropriate witness to unbelievers (Colossians 4:5; 1 Thessalonians 4:12). That Paul’s teaching emphasized this work was because of factions that had formed among the churches of Galatia (see Galatians 1:6–9). Therefore, formation by the Holy Spirit was required for the Galatians to become one in Christ.
Because of the immediate context—the working of the Spirit—this usage of faith does not refer to saving faith in Christ Jesus. Rather, it refers to the faithfulness required between believers (see Galatians 4:12–16; compare Philemon 5).
What Do You Think?
How are the Spirit’s gifts (Romans 12:6–8; 1 Corinthians 12:4–11) similar to the Spirit’s fruit? How are they different?
Digging Deeper
How is love the means for applying the Spirit’s gifts and fruit (see 1 Corinthians 13)?
UNSOCIABLE MEDIA
Many positive interactions have resulted from social media. However, social media’s power has also contributed to the spread of division and hate. The perpetrator of a 2019 shooting in Christchurch, New Zealand, spread his radical ideologies through a platform that allowed the gunman to easily (and anonymously) broadcast his ideas.
Shocking cases like this are easy to identify. However, have you seen or engaged in lesser (but still dangerous) forms of contention and strife while online? Scrolling through any social media platform will highlight name-calling, attacks, and harassment. While these may seem innocent and a way to let off steam, why should Christ followers engage with or encourage such behavior?
Paul’s antidote to strife is love, a feeling of overt concern for others’ good. This feeling applies even to people with whom we have a disagreement. Love presents itself as believers are filled with peace, joy, and patience. Hateful rhetoric springs from a heart out of tune with God’s Spirit. Objectively, are your comments and “likes” on social media more like “hates”?
—M. S. K.
23. Meekness, temperance: against such there is no law.
While the previous grouping of fruit focused on a person’s treatment of others, the final grouping concerns a person’s demeanor. Meekness implies self-restraint, even in the midst of a disagreement (see 2 Timothy 2:25; 1 Peter 3:15–16). Paul would encourage the Galatians to put this fruit into practice as they worked to restore their community (see Galatians 6:1). When the fruit of temperance (self-control) is present in a believer’s life, desires and passions do not rule that person.
B. Expectations (vv. 24–26)
24. And they that are Christ’s have crucified the flesh with the affections and lusts.
Christians are not to be passive while bearing the Spirit’s fruit. While the Spirit has a role in the growth of the fruit, the Christian must end anything that might hinder the growing conditions of the fruit. This requires that Christians put to death selfish desires (see Romans 8:13; Colossians 3:5).
Paul’s imagery unites Jesus’ followers with His experience on the cross. Following Jesus and expressing faith in Him requires believers to have crucified the desires and ways of the flesh. Doing so does not require that believers experience physical crucifixion. Rather, the language reminds believers to put to death sinful practices so that new life might be found (Romans 6:1–14; Galatians 2:20). Paul wanted the Galatians to live not for themselves, but for the one who died for them (2 Corinthians 5:15). As we live in the Spirit, we avoid all sinful tendencies, including the affections and “fleshly lusts, which war against the soul” (1 Peter 2:11).
25. If we live in the Spirit, let us also walk in the Spirit.
Considering Paul’s similar imperative in Galatians 5:16 (above), this statement serves as the bookend to this section of the letter. By including himself in the subject (we … us), Paul identified with the situation of the Galatians. What he asked of them applied to himself as well. To live in the Spirit necessitates a resulting walk in the Spirit. Following the Spirit’s lead brings a life of righteousness, demonstrating the transformational fruit of the Spirit (Romans 8:4–5).
26. Let us not be desirous of vain glory, provoking one another, envying one another.
Paul’s concern for the Galatians’ unity is evident. If they lived by the flesh, the Spirit’s fruit would be absent and divisions would deepen. The vain glory sought by some Galatians would lead to discord among the whole community. When this provoking occurred, people were diverted away from the ways of the Spirit and resulting good works (contrast Hebrews 10:24). Selfish acts of our sinful nature are contrary to the humility required of Christ followers, demonstrated by Christ (see Philippians 2:3). A life filled with God’s Spirit would show fruit and build unity among believers.
What Do You Think?
How does Jesus’ garden prayer (John 17:6–26) reinforce Paul’s exhortation to the Galatians?
Digging Deeper
What steps will you take to live in peace and unity with other believers?
Conclusion
A. Narrative Conflict
If the Galatian epistle were a narrative, Flesh and Spirit would serve as the main characters. In this scenario, the conflict between the two played out in the lives of the Galatians. However, the Spirit has already won—the resolution of the story has been made complete! Therefore, Paul wants his hearers and readers to act accordingly.
As followers of Jesus live in step with the Spirit, we will bear the Spirit’s fruit. When this life is demonstrated in a community of believers, the result is a unified people of God. Mutual submission in love becomes the ultimate example of the Spirit’s presence. This narrative is timeless; it is just as applicable for modern audiences as it was for the first-century Galatians!
B. Prayer
Our Father, thank You for Your Spirit. We want the Spirit to guide our lives and our interactions. Strengthen us to avoid sinful distractions so that we might live holy lives filled with unrelenting joy and love for others. In Jesus’ name. Amen.
C. Thought to Remember
The sweetest fruit comes from walking in God’s Spirit!
June 5
Lesson 1 (KJV)
GOD FORETELLS DESTRUCTION
DEVOTIONAL READING: Isaiah 47:10–15
BACKGROUND SCRIPTURE: Isaiah 47
ISAIAH 47:10–15
10. For thou hast trusted in thy wickedness: thou hast said, None seeth me. Thy wisdom and thy knowledge, it hath perverted thee; and thou hast said in thine heart, I am, and none else beside me.
11. Therefore shall evil come upon thee; thou shalt not know from whence it riseth: and mischief shall fall upon thee; thou shalt not be able to put it off: and desolation shall come upon thee suddenly, which thou shalt not know.
12. Stand now with thine enchantments, and with the multitude of thy sorceries, wherein thou hast laboured fromt thy youth; if so be thou shalt be able to profit, if so be thou mayest prevail.
13. Thou art wearied in the multitude of thy counsels. Let now the astrologers, the stargazers, the monthly prognosticators, stand up, and save thee from these things that shall come upon thee.
14. Behold, they shall be as stubble; the fire shall burn them; they shall not deliver themselves from the power of the flame: there shall not be a coal to warm at, nor fire to sit before it.
15. Thus shall they be unto thee with whom thou hast laboured, even thy merchants, from thy youth: they shall wander every one to his quarter; none shall save thee.
KEY TEXT
Thus shall they be unto thee with whom thou hast laboured, even thy merchants, from thy youth: they shall wander every one to his quarter; none shall save thee.—Isaiah 47:15
LESSON AIMS
After participating in this lesson, each learner will be able to:
1. Identify the object of God’s condemnation.
2. Explain the prophet’s use of sarcasm.
3. Identify one personal way to avoid repeating a sin of ancient Babylon.
LESSON OUTLINE
Introduction
A. How to Get Away with Murder?
B. Lesson Context: Isaiah and His Times
C. Lesson Context: Isaiah and the Future
I. Failed Confidence (Isaiah 47:10–11)
A. God Complex (v. 10)
The Limits of Power
B. God’s Guarantee (v. 11)
II. Failed Defenses (Isaiah 47:12–15)
A. Futile Future-Telling (vv. 12–13)
Reading the Stars
B. Fiery Fortunes (vv. 14–15)
Conclusion
A. God’s Timing
B. Prayer
C. Thought to Remember
HOW TO SAY IT
Ahaz
Ay-haz.
Assyrians
Uh-sear-e-unz.
Babylonians
Bab-ih-low-nee-unz.
Cnut
Keh-nyoot.
Ezekiel
Ee-zeek-ee-ul or Ee-zeek-yul.
Hezekiah
Hez-ih-kye-uh.
Isaiah
Eye-zay-uh.
Jeroboam
Jair-uh-boe-um.
Jotham
Jo-thum.
Judah
Joo-duh.
Nebuchadnezzar
Neb-yuh-kud-nez-er.
Sennacherib
Sen-nack-er-ib.
Sweyn
Svehn.
Uzziah
Uh-zye-uh.
Zedekiah
Zed-uh-kye-uh.
KID’S CORNER
How to be Rich in Faith
Sunday May 29, 2022
James 2:1-13
James 2:1-13
(James 2:1) My brethren, do not hold your faith in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ with an attitude of personal favoritism.
James addressed some of the problems, temptations, and sins that can be faced in the church and among all those who call themselves Christians. New believers especially needed to turn from the ways of this world and to the ways of Jesus Christ their Lord, the Way. Those who “really believe in the Lord Jesus Christ” will make every effort to act in ways that reveal the principles upon which Jesus Christ intended to build His Church and establish the Kingdom of God. Thus, they can draw some to Jesus.
God the Father and Jesus Christ never showed and never show favoritism or partiality toward anyone, because God is no respecter of persons. In Acts 10:34, Peter said, “I truly understand that God shows no partiality, but in every nation anyone who fears him and does what is right is acceptable to him. You know the message he sent to the people of Israel, preaching peace by Jesus Christ—He is Lord of all.” In 2 Corinthians 5:15, Paul wrote, “And He [Jesus Christ] died for all [did not show favoritism], so that those who live might live no longer for themselves, but for him who died and was raised for them.”
When Christians love others as Jesus Christ has loved them, they do not show favoritism but love each person equally as people created in the likeness and image of God, as people Jesus Christ came to save from sin and death. In the context of this verse, the word “love” means being unselfishly concerned about others and wanting what is best for all concerned. Remember: Paul wrote about Jesus Christ dying so Christians can live unselfishly: “that those who live might live no longer for themselves” (see above).
Without showing favoritism or partiality, what is best for all concerned may include showing mercy to one person and giving them the just ruling they seek because they have been wronged and deserve justice, while showing justice as mercifully as possible toward the person who wronged them to right a wrong in the best possible way. Showing such love in different ways to different people in different circumstances is not showing favoritism. Love demands that sometimes we show justice to one person and mercy toward another. Mercy and justice are two parts or attributes of love that must be shown without partiality. In a just court of law, we expect the criminal and the victim to be treated with justice and mercy without showing favoritism toward one or the other.
We will naturally love members of our own family more than we love a stranger; this is not favoritism or partiality. But Christians should not act unjustly toward a stranger and show partiality toward member of their family who has wronged a stranger. Those of this world show such partiality and favoritism toward members of their family, toward those in their political party, club, sometimes church, and others. James says Christians should not do this, and if a Christian shows partiality, it is natural for those of this world and Christians to ask themselves, “Do they really believe in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ?”
Whenever we sin or begin to practice sinning, we should always ask ourselves, “Do I really believe in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ?” If we ask ourselves this question and go to the Lord Jesus Christ for help to do right, to love, and to live holy, we can receive strength and wisdom to act right.
(James 2:2) For if a man comes into your assembly with a gold ring and dressed in fine clothes, and there also comes in a poor man in dirty clothes,
James used the word “if” in this verse to indicate something that may happen in a church or be done in a church or something someone may do in a church that is definitely wrong and can show that the those in the church really do not believe “in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ.” A well-dressed person who is obviously rich “may” come into a church (perhaps a home church, a large church gathering, or a Bible study group). A poor person who may be obviously dirty (perhaps from recent hard, dirty work or deprivation) may come to the same place at the same time. “If” this happens, there is a danger of treating the rich person with greater respect than the poor person. This is an example of showing favoritism or partiality that can tempt a rich person to become proud and a poor person to think that God, Jesus Christ, or Christians do not love them or feel any concern for them and their needs. The sin of showing favoritism can bring more harm than we may realize.
(James 2:3) and you pay special attention to the one who is wearing the fine clothes, and say, “You sit here in a good place,” and you say to the poor man, “You stand over there, or sit down by my footstool,”
In the church, some people may be tempted to try to please the rich person because he is rich and may contribute financially or in other ways to the church. Knowing the poor person may not have anything of material value to give and may need something material from the church or knowing the dirty person may make someone feel uncomfortable, some in the church may be tempted to treat the poor person with disrespect or with less respect than they treat others. These are examples of selfish partiality and of not doing what is best for all concerned. In the church especially, James warned against treating rich people better than poor people. In the church, Christians should show love to rich and poor alike. Neither should the church show favoritism to the poor and demand that the rich person give of his wealth to the poor. As God leads, rich Christians will give to the poor.
(James 2:4) have you not made distinctions among yourselves, and become judges with evil motives?
No follower of Jesus Christ should treat others unequally because of their financial status or outward appearance, especially when they come to church. Believers especially need to be very careful not to treat others differently based on their outside appearance. God created every person in His image and therefore equal in His sight. Everyone is equally entitled to hear the gospel of Jesus Christ and the teachings of the Bible without being disproportionately honored or mistreated or made to feel uncomfortable because of their outward appearance.
People “judge with evil thoughts” when they treat people unequally because of their wealth or poverty or status in this world rather than because of the content of their character and their behavior as fellow followers of Jesus Christ (some who call themselves “Christians” may need to be lovingly, rightly, mercifully, and justly avoided). The Apostle Paul wrote against true Christians making “distinctions among yourselves,” saying, “There is no longer Jew or Greek, there is no longer slave or free, there is no longer male and female; for all of you are one in Christ Jesus” (Galatians 3:28). If we do not truly love others as God loves us and as Jesus Christ expressed the love of God for others, then we may have evil selfish thoughts toward others. We may need to ask ourselves, “Do we truly believe in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ?”
(James 2:5) Listen, my beloved brethren: did not God choose the poor of this world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom which He promised to those who love Him?
Jesus cared for both the rich and the poor according to their real needs—material and spiritual. God has chosen many poor people to be “rich in faith.” The poor can have an abundant faith in God, knowing God is their only hope and God has an inheritance for them in His Kingdom. Riches and the things of this world can crowd God and following Jesus out of the lives of some rich people. Jesus felt sad when the rich young man walked away from Him because he preferred his riches to following Him as Lord (see Matthew 19:21-24). Whether rich or poor, God has promised an inheritance to those who love Him, but too many people love money instead of God. Jesus said it was hard or difficult, but not impossible, for rich people to enter the Kingdom of God.
(James 2:6) But you have dishonored the poor man. Is it not the rich who oppress you and personally drag you into court?
James continues to speak of the rich of this world, not of rich Christians (who do not act this way). If you have done what James described in the previous verses, then “you have dishonored the poor.” Too many people with a worldly attitude may be surprised to learn that it is possible to dishonor the poor, but the poor can be dishonored in many ways, including giving the rich preferential treatment over the poor in the church. Christians must not dishonor rich or poor but treat all believers as valued children of God, as fellow brothers and sisters of their Lord Jesus Christ. Much can be learned from those who are “rich in faith,” whether rich or poor. Rich Christians (including rich unbelievers) should not oppress others or drag others into court to increase their power or wealth. The rich sometimes unjustly use their wealth to profit from those who cannot afford to defend themselves. These are examples of ungodly selfishness. Christians should never do what the worldly rich do by taking advantage of others. Though hard or difficult, some rich people have entered the Kingdom of God; they have used their wealth with compassion. Because Jesus is their Lord, they have supported of His mission on earth without partiality.
(James 2:7) Do they not blaspheme the fair name by which you have been called?
Some rich people too often trust supremely in themselves and their riches instead of God. Jesus’ standard of behavior and morality are often ignored and ridiculed by those who use their riches to act contrary to the express will of God as revealed in the Bible; who use their riches to fulfill their selfish pleasures knowing that Christians do not live that way. The name of Jesus is invoked over all who have been baptized in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, and some rich people curse Jesus and Christians and use their resources in attempts to destroy Christians, Christian churches, and Christian influences.
(James 2:8) If, however, you are fulfilling the royal law according to the Scripture, “YOU SHALL LOVE YOUR NEIGHBOR AS YOURSELF,” you are doing well.
The royal law of love for God and others will move believers to try to live as Jesus lived in this world before the world. When believers love themselves, they can think of how they would want to be treated if they were poor and dirty and going to church, and then try to treat the poor in ways that avoid unjust partiality toward the poor and the rich when trying to do what God would want to help the poor. When the followers of Jesus Christ love others as they love themselves, they will naturally and supernaturally treat each person as of equal importance to themselves; they will never mistreat or take unjust advantage of others. They will not show partiality.
(James 2:9) But if you show partiality, you are committing sin and are convicted by the law as transgressors.
Those with a “this-worldly attitude” will show partiality, because showing partiality toward the rich and powerful is to their selfish advantage. For political or other selfish reasons, some will show partiality toward the poor. Some will show partiality toward the poor because they want to “look good” before the world or they want the support of the needy masses. Showing partiality or favoritism is a sin, a violation of the law of love, a transgression. Those who claim to follow Jesus should never show partiality, and if they discover that they have shown favoritism, then they need to repent of their sin and ask the Lord Jesus to help them live and act with love toward all people.
(James 2:10) For whoever keeps the whole law and yet stumbles in one point, he has become guilty of all.
To fulfill the whole law is to love God totally and completely, which enables believers to rightly love others and themselves in ways approved by God and the Bible; otherwise, some think love for others means approving, ignoring, or not judging what others do no matter how they break the laws of God and harm others and themselves. Those who do not have true faith in Jesus Christ may come to think that love has no moral standards. Jesus preached, “Be perfect, therefore, as your heavenly Father is perfect” (Matthew 5:48). God expects people to obey the whole law at all times and love at all times, and since people have not obeyed God everyone needs the sacrificial death of Jesus Christ for their sins and faith in Him as their Lord and Savior in order to become right with God. Those who follow Jesus also need the indwelling Holy Spirit to help them love and live pleasing to God. No one can be saved by obeying the law, but God still expects everyone to love Him and their neighbors; and when believers fail to love rightly, He expects them to repent and not make excuses for their disobedience.
(James 2:11) For He who said, “DO NOT COMMIT ADULTERY,” also said, “DO NOT COMMIT MURDER.” Now if you do not commit adultery, but do commit murder, you have become a transgressor of the law.
Some people are very selective about what parts of God’s law they will obey and what parts they will disobey. The selective obedience and/or selective disobedience of God’s law will make people transgressors of God’s law. In this verse, James noted two of the Ten Commandments as examples; therefore, everyone should understand that God expects everyone to obey the Ten Commandments, which sum up the moral law, which is the law of love, which still applies to everyone today. James warned everyone against transgressing the law of God in any way. People should not misunderstand and think that confining a murderer and restricting him from committing murder is showing partiality toward those who do not murder. Partiality would be giving a rich murderer, or a murderer in the service of some rich and powerful people, a lighter sentence than a poor murderer just because one is rich (or serving powerful people) and the other is poor.
(James 2:12) So speak and so act as those who are to be judged by the law of liberty.
The law of liberty is the law of love. When someone truly loves God from their heart and when they truly follow Jesus because they love Him, they have been liberated from slavery to sin and they have been freed to follow the Holy Spirit in the way they treat others. In this way, they experience liberty or feel liberated from focusing on the law while at same time they do not violate the law of God or the Bible’s teachings because the loving Holy Spirit within them guides and empowers them to obey the Scriptures.
(James 2:13) For judgment will be merciless to one who has shown no mercy; mercy triumphs over judgment.
Jesus Christ showed mercy when He died on the cross for us while we were still sinners. His love, grace, mercy, justice, and sacrifice will make the salvation of everyone who trusts in Him as Lord and Savior possible. Jesus makes our forgiveness, our sanctification, our righteousness, and eternal life possible; therefore, believers have many reasons to love Jesus and others, to pray for others, and to show mercy toward others so they can come to saving faith too. If we do not show mercy toward others that may be an indication that we have not truly received Jesus Christ as our Lord and Savior. Mercy gives people the opportunity to repent, come to saving faith, and change; therefore, showing mercy can do more for people than passing judgment upon them: “mercy triumphs over judgment.” However, James reminded his readers in this verse that judgment is possible, and some will receive just judgment with no mercy because they have shown no mercy to others.
Sunday May 29, 2022
James 2:1-13
Hearken, my beloved brethren, Hath not God chosen the poor of this world rich in faith, and heirs of the kingdom which he hath promised to them that love him? (James 2:5—KJV).
Listen, my beloved brethren: did not God choose the poor of this world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom which He promised to those who love Him? (James 2:5—NASB).
Listen, my beloved brothers and sisters. Has not God chosen the poor in the world to be rich in faith and to be heirs of the kingdom that he has promised to those who love him? (James 2:5—NRSV).
The Bible shows that many of the first followers of Jesus Christ came from among the poor. Jesus even foretold that it was difficult, but not impossible, for a rich person to enter the kingdom of God. Jesus also warned that a person cannot love both God and money, that he will inevitably serve God or wealth; so, the Pharisees who loved money ridiculed Him (Luke 16:13-14). James wrote in detail that those who love money instead of God may take unjust advantage of others, drag people into court, commit fraud, dishonor the poor, and cheat others in their wages; therefore, the cries of those cheated “have reached the ears of the Lord of hosts” (James 5:4). So, James warned churches and church leaders not to show partiality toward the rich or give them preference over the poor. The Bible shows how the poor can be rich in faith when loving and trusting God to meet their needs here and hereafter. However, the poor can also be tempted to love money instead of God. They may envy the rich; they may fall into class warfare; they may commit fraud or steal instead of trusting in and obeying God in their poverty. Whether rich or poor those who love God instead of money should pray and trust in God, should pray and seek God’s purposes for their lives, should pray and do the work God guides them to do, should pray and use their poverty or their wealth in the service of God and others.
Thinking Further
How to be Rich in Faith
Sunday May 29, 2022
James 2:1-13
Name ______________________________________
1. How might showing favoritism make someone think that you do not “really believe in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ”?
2 In addition to showing favoritism toward the rich, in what other ways might the church show partiality?
3. What possible mistake or mistakes can a church make when attempting to be impartial?
4. Why may it be difficult for a poor person to become a Christian? Why may it be easy for a poor person to become a Christian?
5. Why may it be difficult for a rich person to become a Christian? Why may it be easy for a rich person to become a Christian?
Discussion and Thinking Further
- How might showing favoritism make someone think that you do not “really believe in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ”?
Some people know historically, though perhaps not personally, how Jesus lived, acted, and taught. They know that He treated all people impartially and loved rich and poor alike; for example, He felt sorrowful when the rich young ruler turned his back on Him and walked away. And Jesus healed poor beggars and fed the hungry. So, when those who know the truth about Jesus see someone who says they believe in Jesus acting contrary to His teachings and mistreating others in word and deed, they naturally ask themselves, “Do they really believe in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ?”
- In addition to showing favoritism toward the rich, in what other ways might the church show partiality?
The church might ignore the spiritual needs of the rich because the church thinks they have none because they do not show their real spiritual needs. The church might ignore various age groups that the church thinks cannot contribute to the church financially or in other ways. The church might give the same people special opportunities or leadership roles while ignoring others who might like to have the opportunities or be equally qualified.
- What possible mistake or mistakes can a church make when attempting to be impartial?
The church may try to help some that are truly needy in a variety of ways while ignoring others, perhaps only because of a lack of time and resources.
- Why may it be difficult for a poor person to become a Christian? Why may it be easy for a poor person to become a Christian?
Because they are poor, a poor person may not feel comfortable in the presence of Christians who are not poor. It may be difficult because they do not have a Bible to read or study or they do not know any Christians or they may think they will not be welcome in a church because of their appearance. Christians who are not poor may not be able to think of how to spiritually help a poor person even though they may help them in other ways. It may be easy for a poor person to become a Christian because they see how only Jesus can truly help them and meet their real needs, which are often different from financial. Because the world does not give them any comforts, they may more easily find the comforts that only Jesus can give.
- Why may it be difficult for a rich person to become a Christian? Why may it be easy for a rich person to become a Christian?
A rich person may think they are rich because they are blessed by God and do not need Jesus and the salvation that He offers to all who believe in Him. They may be so focused on earning more money or increasing their power that they have no time for what is most important. They have no interest in knowing, loving, and serving the true God as the Bible teaches. It may be easier because they can go wherever they want to learn about Jesus no matter what the cost, and they may have more leisure time to study the Bible. They may have a greater ability to seek and find the help they need.
Word Search
How to be Rich in Faith
Sunday May 29, 2022
James 2:1-13
Name ____________________________________
A D L A P V D K X Y W G W J G
W E I E W E H G H G Z V O U C
L S N O I T C N I T S I D L W
B I M S I T I R O V A F O Q M
L M V K P U V M Z J M T Z O U
A O G N T W Y P H B H V D B H
S R W A Y A X W L E S G M E O
P P Y C S G L S S E N U O L R
H V S V H S U B U I A R S I G
E G D U J R E D K O Y S T E R
M B W G Q S I M U J I K E V J
E S Z N C Y C S B L O R D E H
K A B A F S L U T L X E O P F
E R U T P I R C S I Y I B L E
J T F Z I N V O K E R E F U G
Favoritism
Believe
Glorious
Lord
Christ
Clothes
Assembly
Please
Distinction
Judge
Kingdom
Promised
Blaspheme
Invoke
Scripture
True and False Test
How to be Rich in Faith
Sunday May 29, 2022
James 2:1-13
Name __________________________________
Circle the True or False answers. Correct the False statements by restating them.
1. It is okay to show favoritism in the church to those you really like.
True or False
2. Whatever a person does in a church shows they believe in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ. True or False
3. No one in dirty clothes should ever be allowed in a church building.
True or False
4. Those who are poor should sit at least six feet from the feet of those who are rich in a church during worship. True or False
5. Church members with evil thoughts never judge others inside the church. True or False
6. Those rich in faith love the Lord Jesus Christ and they will inherit the kingdom that God has promised. True or False
7. The royal law according to Scripture is: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” True or False
8. If you show partiality toward the rich who come to your church, you will help your church grow and prosper as God intends. True or False
9. When you sin, you become a transgressor of the law. True or False
10. Judgment will be without mercy to anyone who has shown no mercy. True or False
True and False Test Answers
- False
- False
- False
- False
- False
- True
- True
- False
- True
- True
Prayer
Our Father, thank You for Your Spirit. We want the Spirit to guide our lives and our interactions. Strengthen us to avoid sinful distractions so that we might live holy lives filled with unrelenting joy and love for others. In Jesus’ name. Amen.